bobby警察

【使用地区】：英国

【释义】：

The British bobby is among the most familiar of eponymous words，despite the fact that“copper”or“cop”iis more often used today by Britons to describe a policeman．The well—known word honors Sir Robert Peel，British home secretary(1828－1930)when the Metropolitan Police Act remodeled London’s police force．Peel，whose wealthy father bought him his seat in Parliament，first won fame as chief secretary for Ireland，where he was nicknamed“Orange Peel”for his support of the Protestant“Orangemen．”At this time he established the Irish constabulary under the Peace Preservation Act(1814)，and his policemen were soon called“Peel’s Bloody Gang”and then peelers．Peelers remained the name for both Irish and London police for many years，bobby and robert not being recorded in print until about 1851．Peeler is still commonly used in Ireland．Other names the British have for a police officer include constable，pointsman(for a traffic cop)，P．C．(for police constable)，and bogey(underworld slang)．

Bobby一词，是英国人最熟悉的词之一，尽管英国人今天更常用copper或cop来指警察。此词得名要归功于任内政大臣的Sir Robert Peel(1828－1930)。他在任期期间，通过大伦敦地区警察法案改造了伦敦的警察队。Peel的父亲非常富有，他为Peel在议会买得一席位。当他担任爱尔兰首席秘书时，就获得声誉，人称“橘皮”，因为他支持一个叫作“奥伦治会”(Orangemen)的新教秘密政治团体(Orangemen，字面意思是“橘子+人”，而peel是“水果皮”之意，因而Orange Peel就成了“橘子皮”。)此时，他根据《维持和平法案》(1814)，建立了爱尔兰警察队。他手下的警察被称之为“皮尔血腥队”，尔后又获得了“皮尔人”的诨名；这一诨名多年后一直是指爱尔兰警察队和伦敦警察队，但直到1851年，bobby和robert两个词才有书面记录。Peeler一词在爱尔兰还常用。英国人指警察或警官的词很多，如：constable，pointsman(指“交通警”)，P．C．(指“警员，最低一级的警察”)和bogey(下层社会俚语)等。